低能铁离子束辐照氨基酸衍生物的红外光谱结构表征

利用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）技术研究了能量为110keV的Fe^ 离子束辐照L（ ）-半胱氨酸盐酸盐单晶水合物固态样品的结构变化情况。对辐照样品的两次红外光谱分析结果有所不同,表明固态样品不同部位受低能铁离子束作用后可发生不同的分子改性;但二者又具有一定的相似性,都反映了原分子中氨基、羧基和巯基等基团的受损及硝基和酰胺基团等的生成。     

胚泡着床窗口的分子调控

着床窗口是指当胚胎发育到胚泡阶段时,子宫也增殖和分化到可接受状态,二者相互作用使胚泡着床的短暂时间.雌激素和孕酮是该过程的综合调控分子,它们通过多种局部信号分子的介导,使子宫中的各种细胞类型增殖、分化,为着床窗口的开放做出相互协调的反应.子宫与胚胎在着床窗口通过前列腺素、组织胺、降钙素、多种细胞因子和生长因子的旁分泌作用进行分子对话,使胚泡滋养层与子宫内膜上皮发生附着反应.着床窗口一旦开放,即自动向非接受态转化.     

keV离子辐照固态腺嘌呤与胞嘧啶的剂量效应研究

研究了经20keV的氮离子、氩离子辐照后,腺嘌呤与胞嘧啶的残存率与注入剂理的关系。结果表明,在相同的剂量下,氮离子对碱基的损伤比氩离子高,而对同种离子而言,胞嘧啶比腺嘌呤表现出较高的辐射敏感性。计算了碱基分子损伤的G值,比较它们随剂量的增大呈减小的趋势。考察了加入自由基清除剂后,碱基损伤剂量效应的变化。并对上述结果提出了初步的解释。     

低能钒离子注入花生种子的深度分布

采用鼎瑟福背散射（RBS）和X射线能谱分析法（EDAX）对V元素在花生种子中的深度分布进行了测量,并用扫描电镜对注入前后花生种胚的形貌变化进行观察。结果表明,由于样品表面较粗糙以及其特殊结构,RBS方法不适于测量钒在花生肿胚中的深度分布,trim95也不适合于对注入钒离子在花生种子中的深度进行模拟,而EDAX的测量结果表明V离子的穿透深度可达到15μm。另外,注入前后花生种胚的形貌发生了显著变化。     

白血病抑制因子与哺乳动物的胚胎着床(英文)

胚胎着床是处于活化状态的胚泡与处于接受态的子宫相互作用,最后导致胚胎滋养层与子宫内膜建立紧密联系的过程。已证实白血病抑制因子(LIF)在哺乳动物胚胎着床过程中起着十分重要的调节作用。LIF通过其受体及信号传递亚单位gp130发挥其生物学功能。LIF对胚胎发育到胚泡阶段及以后内细胞团和滋养层细胞的生长和分化有明显的促进作用。 在小鼠中,LIF及其受体和gp130在着床期小鼠子宫内表达量最高,因此LIF可能在小鼠胚胎着床过程中起重要作用。在人中,LIF在子宫内膜中的表达与人胚胎着床的时间一致,提示LIF可能与人的胚胎着床紧密相关。此外,LIF在猪、羊、水貂、兔和臭鼬等动物胚泡着床前和着床期的子宫中也都有表达,并在着床期出现峰值。因此,LIF也可能在这些动物的胚胎发育和着床过程中有重要作用。LIF受体基因敲除小鼠表现为胎盘发育不全,这说明LIF对小鼠胎盘形成和胎盘的功能维持起重要作用。 小鼠子宫中LIF的表达可能受雌激素而上调。美洲长尾猴(绒)及兔子宫中LIF的表达则呈孕酮依赖性。然而孕酮可抑制人着床期子宫内膜腺上皮和蜕膜组织内LIF的表达。在不同种类的动物中,LIF在子宫中的表达有不同的调节机制。 胚泡在LIF基因敲除的雌鼠子宫内不能着床的原因并不是由于胚泡发育异常,而是由于雌鼠不能表     

Slow Delivery of the Selective Cholecystokinin Agonist pBC 264 into the Rat Nucleus Accumbens Using Microspheres

Abstract: Neuropeptides have been shown to play a critical role in adaptational processes, probably by long-term modulation of neuronal pathways. It could therefore be interesting to study behavioral changes induced by chronic local stimulation of neuropeptide receptors. With this aim poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres loaded with a highly potent, peptidase-resistant, cholecystokinin (CCK)-B-selective CCK peptidomimetic agonist (pBC 264) were prepared by a water in oil in water emulsion solvent evaporation method and stereotaxically implanted into the anterior part of the rat nucleus accumbens. Two different kinds of loaded polymeric microspheres differing only by the stabilizing agent [ovalbumin (OVA) or Pluronic F 68] added to the inner emulsion were used. The histological and behavioral studies done 24 h and 8 days after implantation of nonloaded microspheres in the nucleus accumbens indicated that the microspheres were well tolerated. The in vivo release of the selective CCK-B agonist pBC 264 (associated with a tracer dose of [³H]pBC 264) from microspheres prepared with OVA was very fast (92% after 6 h), whereas only 26% (88 pmol) of pBC 264 was released from the formulation with Pluronic F 68 after 24 h. Eight days after implantation 36% of pBC 264 had diffused from the microspheres, and 8% (∼30 pmol) was still present in the brain concentrated around the site of administration. In all cases the released material was found to correspond to intact pBC 264, thus demonstrating the possibility of obtaining a slow controlled release of peptide in vivo. This method opens up interesting perspectives to study the long-term effects of neuropeptides.     

Porcine Cloned Embryos Reconstructed with the Cell Nuclei of Tetraploid M-phase Fibroblast Cells Can Restore Normal Diploidy at the Blastocyst Stage

The cell cycle of donor cells as a major factor that affects cloning efficiency remains debatable. G2/M phase cells as a donor can successfully produce cloned animals, but a minimal amount is known regarding nuclear remodeling events. In this study, porcine fetal fibroblasts (PFFs) were carefully synchronized at G1 or M phase as donor cells. Most of the cloned embryos reconstructed from PFFs at G1 (G1-embryos) or M (M-embryos) phase formed a pronucleus-like nucleus (PN) within 6-h post fusion (hpf), but the M-embryos formed PN earlier than the G1-embryos did. Moreover, 77.4% of the M-embryos formed two PNs, whereas the G1-embryos formed a single PN. The rate of extrusion of polar body-like structures by the M-embryos was significantly lower than that extruded by the G1-embryos (26.3% vs. 37.1%, P?相似文献   

康复运动对冠脉支架植入术后患者相关因素的影响

目的：研究心脏康复运动对冠脉支架植入术后患者血脂、血糖、体重指数及生活质量的影响。方法：对实施冠脉支架植入术的 146例患者进行比较分析，根据随机原则分为试验组76 例及对照组70 例。对照组患者给予常规的健康教育及冠心病二级预防指 导，给予定期随访。试验组患者在此基础上给予规律的康复运动指导。经过6 个月随访，比较两组患者血脂、HbA1C、体重指数及 生活质量情况。结果：试验组患者通过为期6 个月的规律的心脏康复运动指导，其血脂、HbA1C等冠心病危险因素控制情况优于 对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。同时，6个月后，试验组康复运动六月后sF 量表各项评分与对照组同期比较，差异均有统计 学意义(P<0.05)。结论：规范的心脏康复运动指导能够有效改善冠脉支架植入术后患者血脂、血糖情况，提高患者生活质量。     

Analysis of DNA fragmentation in mouse embryos exposed to an extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field

Effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) on DNA damage in biological systems are still a matter of dispute. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible effect of electromagnetic field exposure on DNA fragmentation in cells (blastomers) of mouse blastocysts.

Eighty female NMRI mice were randomly divided into 2 groups of 40 animals each. The control group was left unexposed whereas the animals in the EMF-group were exposed to a 50-Hz EMF at 0.5 mT 4 h per day, 6 days a week for a duration of 2 weeks. After the 8^th day of exposure, the female mice in both groups were superovulated (with injections of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin) and then mated overnight. At approximately 4 days after mating (102 h after the human chorionic gonadotropin treatment), blastocysts were obtained by flushing the uterus horns. The mean numbers of pregnant mice, blastocysts after flushing, blastomers within the blastocysts, and the DNA fragmentation index following staining in both groups were compared using statistical methods (SPSS, the Chi-square test, the Student's t-test and the Mann-Whitney U-test, P < 0.05). The results showed that the mean number of blastocysts after flushing was significantly decreased in the EMF-group compared to that of the control group (P < 0.03). The DNA fragmentation index was significantly increased in the EMF-group compared to control (10.53% vs. 7.14%; P < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the mean numbers of blastomers and numbers of pregnant mice between the EMF-exposed and control group. Our findings indicate that the EMF exposure in preimplantation stage could have detrimental effects on female mouse fertility and embryo development by decreasing the number of blastocysts and increasing the blastocysts DNA fragmentation.